Gautam Bisht

Publications

In review
  • Huang, H., Qian, Y., Bisht, G., Wang, J., Chakraborty, T., Hao, D., Li, J., Thurber, T., Singh, B., Yang, Z., Liu, Y., Xue, P., Sacks, W., Coon, E., and Hetland, R., WRF-ELM v1.0: a Regional Climate Model to Study Atmosphere-Land Interactions Over Heterogeneous Land Use Regions, GMDD.
  • Smith, K., Barthel, A. M., Conlon, L. M., Van Roekel, L. P., Bartoletti, A., Golez, J.-C., Zhang, C., Begeman, C. B., Benedict, J. J., Bisht, G., Feng, Y., Hannah, W., Harrop, B. E., Jeffery, N., Lin, W., Ma, P.-L., Maltrud, M. E., Petersen, M. R., Singh, B., Tang, Q., Tesfa, T., Wolfe, J. D., Xie, S., Zheng, X., Balaguru, K., Garuba, O., Gleckler, P., Hu, A., Lee, J., Moore-Maley, B., and Ordonez, A. C.: The DOE E3SM Version 2.1: Overview and Assessment of the Impacts of Parameterized Ocean Submesoscales, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2024-149, in review, 2024
  • Tan, Z., Xu, D., Zhou, T., Feng, D., Li, L., Cooper, M., Liao, C., Bisht, G., Abeshu, G., Li., H.-Y., and Leung, L., R., The past and future changes of river sediment in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic, in review, Earth’s Future, 2024. 
Published
  1. Feng, D., Tan, Z., Pinel, S. Xu, D., Amaral, J. H. F., Fassono-Andrade, A. C., Bonnet, M.-P., and Bisht, G., Drivers and impacts of sediment deposition in Amazonian floodplains. Nat Commun 16, 3148 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57495-1
  2. Xu, D., Bisht, G., Engwirda, D., Feng, D., Tan, Z., & Ivanov, V. Y. (2025). Uncertainties in simulating flooding during Hurricane Harvey using 2D shallow water equations. Water Resources Research, 61(1), e2024WR038032. https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2024WR038032?af=R
  3. Zahura, F. T., Bisht, G., Li, Z., McKnight, S., & Chen, X. (2024), Impact of topography and climate on post-fire vegetation recovery across different burn severity and land cover types through random forest, Ecological Informatics, 82, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574954124002991
  4. Xu, D., Bisht, G., Feng, D., Tan, Z., Li, L., Qiu, H., & Leung, L. R. (2024). Impacts of sea-level rise on coastal groundwater table simulated by an Earth system model with a land-ocean coupling scheme. Earth's Future, 12, e2024EF004479. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EF004479
  5. Feng, D., Tan, Z., Engwirda, D., Wolfe, J.D., Xu, D., Liao, C., Bisht, G., Benedict, J.J., Zhou, T., Li, H.Y. and Leung, L.R., 2024. Simulation of compound flooding using river‐ocean two‐way coupled E3SM ensemble on variable‐resolution meshes. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 16(6), p.e2023MS004054. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023MS004054.
  6. Bisht, G., Riley, W. J., and Mills, R. T., Development of a multi-layer canopy model for E3SM Land Model with support for heterogeneous computing, Journal of Computational Science, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocs.2024.102366.
  7. Feng, D., Tan, Z., Engwirda, D., Wolfe, J. D., Xu, D., Liao, C., Bisht, G., Benedict, J. J., Zhou, T., Li, H-Y., and Leung, R. L. (2024). Simulation of compound flooding using river-ocean two-way coupled E3SM ensemble on variable-resolution meshes. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 16, e2023MS004054. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023MS004054
  8. Li, L., Bisht, G., Hao, D., and Leung, L. R.: Global 1 km land surface parameters for kilometer-scale Earth system modeling, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2007–2032, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2007-2024, 2024.
  9. Xu, D., Bisht, G., Tan, Z., Sinha, E., Di Vittorio, A.V., Zhou, T., Ivanov, V.Y. and Leung, L.R., 2024. Climate change will reduce North American inland wetland areas and disrupt their seasonal regimes. Nature Communications, 15(1), p.2438. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-45286-z.
  10. Xu, D., Bisht, G., Tan, Z., Liao, C., Zhou, T., Li, H.-Y., and Leung, L. R.: Disentangling the hydrological and hydraulic controls on streamflow variability in Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) V2 – a case study in the Pantanal region, Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 1197–1215, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1197-2024, 2024.
  11. Qiu, H., Bisht, G., Li, L., Hao, D., and Xu, D.: Development of inter-grid-cell lateral unsaturated and saturated flow model in the E3SM Land Model (v2.0), Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 143–167, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-143-2024, 2024.
  12. Hao, D., Bisht, G., Gu, Y., & Leung, L. R. (2023). Regional and Teleconnected Impacts of Solar Radiation‐Topography Interaction Over the Tibetan Plateau. Geophysical Research Letters, 50 (23), e2023GL106293. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106293.
  13. Liao, C., Zhou, T., Xu, D., Tan, Z., Bisht, G., Cooper, M., Engwirda, D., Li, H., and Leung, L. R., Topological relationship-based flow direction modeling stream burning and depression filling, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 15(11), e2022MS003487. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003487
  14. Hao, D., Bisht, G., Wang, H., Xu, D., Huang, H., Qian, Y., & Leung, L. (2023). A cleaner snow future mitigates Northern Hemisphere snowpack loss from warming. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41732-6
  15. Tang, Q., Golaz, J.-C., Van Roekel, L. P., Taylor, M. A., Lin, W., Hillman, B. R., Ullrich, P. A., Bradley, A. M., Guba, O., Wolfe, J. D., Zhou, T., Zhang, K., Zheng, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, M., Wu, M., Wang, H., Tao, C., Singh, B., Rhoades, A. M., Qin, Y., Li, H.-Y., Feng, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., Zender, C. S., Xie, S., Roesler, E. L., Roberts, A. F., Mametjanov, A., Maltrud, M. E., Keen, N. D., Jacob, R. L., Jablonowski, C., Hughes, O. K., Forsyth, R. M., Di Vittorio, A. V., Caldwell, P. M., Bisht, G., McCoy, R. B., Leung, L. R., and Bader, D. C.: The fully coupled regionally refined model of E3SM version 2: overview of the atmosphere, land, and river results, Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 3953–3995, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3953-2023, 2023
  16. Sinha, E., Bond-Lamberty, B., Calvin, K. V., Drewniak, B. A., Bisht, G., Bernacchi, C., Blakely, B. J., and Moore, C. E., The Impact of Crop Rotation and Spatially Varying Crop Parameters in the E3SM Land Model (ELMv2), Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, e2022JG007187, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JG007187, 2023.
  17. Hao, D., Bisht, G., Rittger, K., Stillinger, T., Bair, E., Gu, Y., and Leung, L. R.: Evaluation of E3SM land model snow simulations over the western United States, The Cryosphere, 17, 673–697, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-673-2023, 2023.
  18. Hao, D., Bisht, G., Rittger, K., Bair, E., He, C., Huang, H., Dang, C., Stillinger, T., Gu, Y., Wang, H., Qian, Y., and Leung, L. R.: Improving snow albedo modeling in the E3SM land model (version 2.0) and assessing its impacts on snow and surface fluxes over the Tibetan Plateau, Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 75–94, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-75-2023, 2023.
  19. Golaz, J.-C., Van Roekel, L. P., Zheng, X., Roberts, A. F., Wolfe, J. D., Lin, W., et al. (2022). The DOE E3SM Model version 2: Overview of the physical model and initial model evaluation. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 14, e2022MS003156. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003156
  20. Feng, D., Tan, Z., Engwirda, D., Liao, C., Xu, D., Bisht, G., Zhou, T., Li, H.-Y., and Leung, L. R.: Investigating coastal backwater effects and flooding in the coastal zone using a global river transport model on an unstructured mesh, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5473–5491, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5473-2022, 2022.
  21. Fang, Y., Leung, L. R., Koven, C. D., Bisht, G., Detto, M., Cheng, Y., McDowell, N., Muller-Landau, H., Wright, S. J., and Chambers, J. Q.: Modeling the topographic influence on aboveground biomass using a coupled model of hillslope hydrology and ecosystem dynamics, Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7879–7901, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7879-2022, 2022
  22. Huang, M., Ma, P.-L., Chaney, N. W., Hao, D., Bisht, G., Fowler, M. D., Larson, V. E., and Leung, L. R.: Representing surface heterogeneity in land–atmosphere coupling in E3SMv1 single-column model over ARM SGP during summertime, Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 6371–6384, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-6371-2022, 2022.
  23. Xu, D., Bisht, G., Zhou, T., Leung, L. R., & Pan, M. (2022). Development of Land‐River Two‐Way Hydrologic Coupling for Floodplain Inundation in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, e2021MS002772, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002772.
  24. Li, L., Bisht, G., and Leung, L. R.: Spatial heterogeneity effects on land surface modeling of water and energy partitioning, Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 5489–5510, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5489-2022, 2022
  25. Xu, D., Bisht, G., Sargsyan, K., Liao, C., and Leung, L. R.: Using a surrogate-assisted Bayesian framework to calibrate the runoff-generation scheme in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) v1, Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 5021–5043, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5021-2022, 2022
  26. Cheng, Y., Leung, L.R., Huang, M., Koven, C., Detto, M., Knox, R., Bisht, G., Bretfeld, M. and Fisher, R.A., 2022. Modeling the joint effects of vegetation characteristics and soil properties on ecosystem dynamics in a Panama tropical forest. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 14(1), p.e2021MS002603. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002603
  27. Hao, D., Bisht, G., Huang, M., Ma, P.L., Tesfa, T., Lee, W.L., Gu, Y. and Leung, L.R., 2022. Impacts of sub‐grid topographic representations on surface energy balance and boundary conditions in the E3SM Land Model: A case study in Sierra Nevada. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, p.e2021MS002862. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002862
  28. Liao, C., Zhou, T., Xu, D., Barnes, R., Bisht, G., Li, H.Y., Tan, Z., Tesfa, T., Duan, Z., Engwirda, D. and Leung, L.R., 2022. Advances in hexagon mesh-based flow direction modeling. Advances in Water Resources, p.104099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.104099
  29. Hao, D., Bisht, G., Gu, Y., Lee, W.L., Liou, K.N. and Leung, L.R., 2021. A parameterization of sub-grid topographical effects on solar radiation in the E3SM Land Model (version 1.0): implementation and evaluation over the Tibetan Plateau. Geoscientific Model Development, 14(10), pp.6273-6289. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6273-2021
  30. Ivanov, V.Y., Xu, D., Dwelle, M.C., Sargsyan, K., Wright, D.B., Katopodes, N., Kim, J., Tran, V.N., Warnock, A., Fatichi, S., Burlando, P., Enrica Caporali, E., Restrepo, P., Sanders, B. F., Chaney, M. M., Nunes, A. M. B., Nardi, F., Vivoni, E. R., Istanbulluoglu, E., Bisht, G., and Bras, R. L. (2021). Breaking Down the Computational Barriers to Real‐Time Urban Flood Forecasting. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(20), e2021GL093585. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093585
  31. Agee, E., He, L., Bisht, G., Couvreur, V., Shahbaz, P., Meunier, F., Gough, C.M., Matheny, A.M., Bohrer, G. and Ivanov, V., 2021. Root lateral interactions drive water uptake patterns under water limitation. Advances in Water Resources, 151, p.103896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.103896
  32. Cheng, Y., Huang, M., Zhu, B., Bisht, G., Zhou, T., Liu, Y., Song, F. and He, X., 2021. Validation of the Community Land Model version 5 over the contiguous United States (CONUS) using in situ and remote sensing data sets. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126(5), p.e2020JD033539. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033539
  33. Zhu, B., Huang, M., Cheng, Y., Xie, X., Liu, Y., Bisht, G. and Chen, X., 2021. Impact of Vegetation Physiology and Phenology on Watershed Hydrology in a Semiarid Watershed in the Pacific Northwest in a Changing Climate. Water Resources Research, 57(3), p.e2020WR028394. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028394
  34. Wu, R., Chen, X., Hammond, G., Bisht, G., Song, X., Huang, M., Niu, G.Y. and Ferre, T., 2021. Coupling surface flow with high-performance subsurface reactive flow and transport code PFLOTRAN. Environmental Modelling & Software, 137, p.104959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.104959
  35. Zhu, B., Huang, M., Cheng, Y., Xie, X., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Bisht, G., Chen, X., Missik, J. and Liu, H., 2020. Effects of irrigation on water, carbon, and nitrogen budgets in a semiarid watershed in the Pacific northwest: A modeling study. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12(9), p.e2019MS001953. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001953
  36. Burrows, S. M., Maltrud, M., Yang, X., Zhu, Q., Jeffery, N., Shi, X., ... & Leung, L. R. (2020). The DOE E3SM v1. 1 biogeochemistry configuration: Description and simulated ecosystem‐climate responses to historical changes in forcing. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12(9), e2019MS001766.  https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001766
  37. Lawrence, D. M., Fisher, R. A., Koven, C. D., Oleson, K. W., Swenson, S. C., Bonan, G., ... & Zeng, X. (2019). The Community Land Model version 5: Description of new features, benchmarking, and impact of forcing uncertainty. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11(12), 4245-4287. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001583
  38. Cai, X., Riley, W.J., Zhu, Q., Tang, J., Zeng, Z., Bisht, G. and Randerson, J.T., 2019. Improving representation of deforestation effects on evapotranspiration in the E3SM land model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11(8), pp.2412-2427. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001551
  39. Zhu, Q., Riley, W.J., Tang, J., Collier, N., Hoffman, F.M., Yang, X. and Bisht, G., 2019. Representing nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon interactions in the E3SM land model: Development and global benchmarking. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11(7), pp.2238-2258. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001571
  40. Bisht, G. and Riley, W.J., 2019. Development and verification of a numerical library for solving global terrestrial multiphysics problems. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11(6), pp.1516-1542. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001560
  41. Golaz, J. C., Caldwell, P. M., Van Roekel, L. P., Petersen, M. R., Tang, Q., Wolfe, J. D., ... & Zhu, Q. (2019). The DOE E3SM coupled model version 1: Overview and evaluation at standard resolution. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11(7), 2089-2129. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001603
  42. Bisht, G., Riley, W.J., Hammond, G.E. and Lorenzetti, D.M., 2018. Development and evaluation of a variably saturated flow model in the global E3SM Land Model (ELM) version 1.0. Geoscientific Model Development, 11(10), pp.4085-4102. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4085-2018
  43. Tran, A.P., Dafflon, B., Bisht, G. and Hubbard, S.S., 2018. Spatial and temporal variations of thaw layer thickness and its controlling factors identified using time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography and hydro-thermal modeling. Journal of Hydrology, 561, pp.751-763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.04.028
  44. Bisht, G., Riley, W.J., Wainwright, H.M., Dafflon, B., Yuan, F. and Romanovsky, V.E., 2018. Impacts of microtopographic snow redistribution and lateral subsurface processes on hydrologic and thermal states in an Arctic polygonal ground ecosystem: a case study using ELM-3D v1. 0. Geoscientific Model Development, 11(1), pp.61-76. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-61-2018
  45. Bisht, G., Huang, M., Zhou, T., Chen, X., Dai, H., Hammond, G.E., Riley, W.J., Downs, J.L., Liu, Y. and Zachara, J.M., 2017. Coupling a three-dimensional subsurface flow and transport model with a land surface model to simulate stream–aquifer–land interactions (CP v1. 0). Geoscientific Model Development, 10(12), pp.4539-4562. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4539-2017
  46. Dwivedi, D., Steefel, I.C., Arora, B. and Bisht, G., 2017. Impact of intra-meander hyporheic flow on nitrogen cycling. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 17, pp.404-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.102
  47. Liu, Y., Bisht, G., Subin, Z.M., Riley, W.J. and Pau, G.S.H., 2016. A hybrid reduced-order model of fine-resolution hydrologic simulations at a polygonal tundra site. Vadose Zone Journal, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.05.0068
  48. Kumar, J., Collier, N., Bisht, G., Mills, R.T., Thornton, P.E., Iversen, C.M. and Romanovsky, V., 2016. Modeling the spatiotemporal variability in subsurface thermal regimes across a low-relief polygonal tundra landscape. The Cryosphere, 10(5), pp.2241-2274. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2241-2016
  49. Tang, G., Yuan, F., Bisht, G., Hammond, G.E., Lichtner, P.C., Kumar, J., Mills, R.T., Xu, X., Andre, B., Hoffman, F.M. and Painter, S.L., 2016. Addressing numerical challenges in introducing a reactive transport code into a land surface model: a biogeochemical modeling proof-of-concept with CLM–PFLOTRAN 1.0. Geoscientific Model Development, 9(3), pp.927-946. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-927-2016
  50. Shi, X., Thornton, P.E., Ricciuto, D.M., Hanson, P.J., Mao, J., Sebestyen, S.D., Griffiths, N.A. and Bisht, G., 2015. Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model. Biogeosciences, 12(21), pp.6463-6477. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6463-2015
  51. Pau, G.S.H., Bisht, G. and Riley, W.J., 2014. A reduced-order modeling approach to represent subgrid-scale hydrological dynamics for land-surface simulations: application in a polygonal tundra landscape. Geoscientific Model Development, 7(5), pp.2091-2105. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2091-2014
  52. Bisht, G. and Bras, R.L., 2011. Estimation of net radiation from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer over the continental United States. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 49(6), pp.2448-2462. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2010.2096227
  53. Knox, R., Bisht, G., Wang, J. and Bras, R., 2011. Precipitation variability over the forest-to-nonforest transition in southwestern Amazonia. Journal of Climate, 24(9), pp.2368-2377. https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3815.1
  54. Bisht, G. and Bras, R.L., 2010. Estimation of net radiation from the MODIS data under all sky conditions: Southern Great Plains case study. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114(7), pp.1522-1534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.007
  55. Wang, J., Chagnon, F.J., Williams, E.R., Betts, A.K., Renno, N.O., Machado, L.A., Bisht, G., Knox, R. and Bras, R.L., 2009. Impact of deforestation in the Amazon basin on cloud climatology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(10), pp.3670-3674. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810156106
  56. Vivoni, E.R., Rinehart, A.J., Méndez‐Barroso, L.A., Aragón, C.A., Bisht, G., Cardenas, M.B., Engle, E., Forman, B.A., Frisbee, M.D., Gutiérrez‐Jurado, H.A. and Hong, S.H., 2008. Vegetation controls on soil moisture distribution in the Valles Caldera, New Mexico, during the North American monsoon. Ecohydrology: Ecosystems, Land and Water Process Interactions, Ecohydrogeomorphology, 1(3), pp.225-238. https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.11
  57. Batra, N., Islam, S., Venturini, V., Bisht, G. and Jiang, L.E., 2006. Estimation and comparison of evapotranspiration from MODIS and AVHRR sensors for clear sky days over the Southern Great Plains. Remote Sensing of Environment, 103(1), pp.1-15. ttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.02.019
  58. Bisht, G., Venturini, V., Islam, S. and Jiang, L.E., 2005. Estimation of the net radiation using MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data for clear sky days. Remote sensing of environment, 97(1), pp.52-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.03.014
  59. Venturini, V., Bisht, G., Islam, S. and Jiang, L., 2004. Comparison of evaporative fractions estimated from AVHRR and MODIS sensors over South Florida. Remote Sensing of Environment, 93(1-2), pp.77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.06.020
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